Mufunika kulimba kodalirika mukakhala ndi zovuta.Zingwe zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zodzitsekera zokhaNdi ofunikira kwambiri m'malo ovuta. Amapereka kulimba kosayerekezeka. Mumapeza kukana ku zinthu zoopsa kwambiri. Mphamvu zawo zomangira zolimba zimaposa zomangira zachikhalidwe.Zingwe Zomangira Zosapanga Chitsuloperekani yankho labwino kwambiri pazosowa zanu zovuta.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
- Kudzitseka wekhazingwe zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbirindi amphamvu kwambiri. Amagwira ntchito bwino m'malo ovuta pomwe maubwenzi ena amasweka.
- Zomangira zimenezi zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri, kutentha kwambiri, ndi kuzizira. Zimalimbananso ndi kuwonongeka ndi mankhwala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
- Loko lapadera la matayi awa limawathandiza kukhala olimba. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala otetezeka pantchito zambiri zofunika.
Chifukwa Chake Zomangira Zachikhalidwe Zimalephera Pamene Zingwe Zachitsulo Zosapanga Dzimbiri Zodzitsekera Zimagwira Ntchito ku Excel
Mukufuna njira zomangira zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino. Zomangira zachikhalidwe nthawi zambiri zimalephera pakakhala zovuta. Zomangira zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimatseka zokha zimapereka ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Zimagonjetsa zofooka za njira zachikhalidwe.
Zoletsa za Ma Tailosi ndi Zitsulo Zina
Ngakhale kuti zomangira za pulasitiki ndi zachizolowezi, zimakhala ndi zofooka zazikulu m'malo ovuta. Kutentha kwambiri kumawononga kwambiri umphumphu wawo. Kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti pulasitiki ifewe. Izi zimachepetsa mphamvu yake. Kapangidwe ka mamolekyulu kamamasuka. Kutentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali kumabweretsanso ukalamba ndi kusweka. Kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kudula kwa unyolo kumawononga kapangidwe ka mkati. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuuma kosasinthika kukhale kolimba. Mapulasitiki amatha kusinthasintha. Mudzawona kusintha kwa mitundu, monga chikasu ndi kutha, kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuwala kwa UV.
Zomangira zina zachitsulo, monga aluminiyamu, nazonso zili ndi zofooka. Zingakhale zopanda mphamvu yolimba yofunikira pa ntchito zolemera. Taganizirani kusiyana kwa mphamvu yokoka. Zomangira za nayiloni, ngakhale zili zazikulu kwambiri (12.7 mm), zimakhala ndi mphamvu yokoka yokwana 114 kg. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chingwe chosapanga dzimbiri cha 7.9 mm m'lifupi chimapereka mphamvu yokwana 166 kg. Kusiyana kwakukulu kumeneku kukuwonetsa kuperewera kwa zipangizo zambiri zachikhalidwe pa ntchito zofunika.
| Zinthu Zofunika | M'lifupi (mm) | Mphamvu Yolimba Kwambiri (kg) |
|---|---|---|
| Nayiloni | 2.5 | 8 |
| Nayiloni | 12.7 | 114 |
| Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri | 7.9 | 166 |

Kupambana Kwambiri kwa Zinthu Zosayerekezeka
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiriimapereka zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pamavuto. Mumapeza kukana dzimbiri, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kupsinjika maganizo. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316 chimapereka kukana dzimbiri kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304. Izi ndi zoona makamaka m'malo okhala ndi mchere.
| Mbali | 304 Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira | 316 Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri |
|---|---|---|
| Kukana Kwambiri kwa Dzimbiri | Zabwino, zoyenera malo osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo mankhwala ndi chinyezi. | Yapamwamba kwambiri, makamaka motsutsana ndi ma chloride ndi zosungunulira zamakampani. |
| Kukana kwa Chlorides/Saline | Sizili zolimba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi 316. | Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa molybdenum; nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa kuti marine-grade. |
| Chinthu Chofunika Kwambiri Chothandizira Kukana | - | Molybdenum (imawonjezera kukana kwa ma chloride, mabowo, ndi dzimbiri la ming'alu). |
| Kuyenerera kwa Malo Okhala M'nyanja | Zosakondedwa kwambiri. | Zimakondedwa chifukwa chakuti zimakana mchere (sodium chloride) m'madzi a m'nyanja. |
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316 chimapereka kukana dzimbiri kwa ma chloride ndi ma acids kwambiri poyerekeza ndi 304. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chodziwika bwino m'malo okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso m'malo okhala ndi mchere wambiri. Mutha kudalirazingwe zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbirim'malo ovuta awa.
Zingwe zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nazonso zimakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana pa kutentha. Zimagwira ntchito bwino pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zokwana mainchesi 304 zokhala ndi zokutidwa ndi mainchesi 14 zimagwira ntchito kuyambira -112°F mpaka 1000°F. Mofananamo, zingwe zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zokwana mainchesi 316 zokhala ndi zokutidwa ndi UV zomwe sizingagwere mu UV zimapangidwa kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu zofanana za -112°F mpaka 1000°F. Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kumeneku kumatsimikizira kudalirika komwe zipangizo zina zingalephere.
Udindo Wofunika Kwambiri wa Njira Yodzitsekera Yokha
Njira yodzitsekera yokha ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa zingwe zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zodzitsekera zokha. Zimathandiza kuti zigwire bwino komanso nthawi yayitali. Njirayi imaletsa kumasuka, ngakhale pakakhala zovuta kwambiri. Njira yodalirika yotsekera mpira imapereka mphamvu yolimba komanso yodzitsekera yokha. Imakhalabe yotetezeka ngakhale ikagwedezeka kapena kunyamula katundu wolemera. Njira yolimba iyi imapangitsa kuti igwire bwino. Sidzamasuka pakapita nthawi.
Mumapindula ndi kapangidwe kake kolimba. Kumaonetsetsa kuti chingwecho chili ndi mphamvu yofanana. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chomasuka. Zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito a chingwe. Zimawonjezera nthawi ya moyo wa chipangizocho. Zingwe zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimagwira ntchito bwino m'malo ogwedezeka kwambiri. Njira zawo zotsekera zapamwamba komanso mapangidwe awo ochepetsa kugwedezeka zimathandizira kukhazikika. Zimaletsa kutsetsereka. Zimachepetsa kupsinjika. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri m'mafakitale ogwedezeka kwambiri.
- Njira zodzitsekera zokha zimachotsa kudalira zida. Zimateteza kuti zisagwedezeke.
- Kulimba kwambiri kwa chingwe kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kusweka. Izi zimawonjezera chitetezo.
- Kukana dzimbiri ndi kulimba kwake kumatsimikizira kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo ovuta.
Ma tayi amenewa amaperekanso mphamvu zodabwitsa zonyamula katundu. Mutha kupeza njira zolemetsa zolemera zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yogwira mpaka makilogalamu 485. Ma tayi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri okhazikika nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu yogwira yosachepera makilogalamu 200.
| Utali | Mphamvu Yochepa Yokoka |
|---|---|
| 5.0″ (127 mm) | Mapaundi 200 |
| 8.0″ (203 mm) | Mapaundi 200 |
| 11.0″ (279 mm) | Mapaundi 200 |
| 15.0″ (363 mm) | Mapaundi 200 |
| 21.0″ (521 mm) | Mapaundi 200 |
| 27.0″ (681 mm) | Mapaundi 200 |
| 33.0″ (838 mm) | Mapaundi 200 |
| 8.0″ (203 mm) | Makilogalamu 350 |
| 11.0″ (279 mm) | Makilogalamu 350 |
| 15.0″ (363 mm) | Makilogalamu 350 |
| 27.0″ (681 mm) | 485 mapaundi |

Mapulogalamu Ofunika Kwambiri a Zingwe Zomangira Zosapanga Zitsulo Zosapanga Zitsulo Zodzitsekera

Mumapeza kudzitseka nokhazingwe zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiriZofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri. Kapangidwe kawo kapadera kamapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri pamene zomangira zina zalephera. Mumadalira pa izo kuti zigwire ntchito bwino komanso kwanthawi yayitali m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Malo Okhala M'madzi ndi M'mphepete mwa Nyanja
Malo okhala m'nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja amakhala ndi mavuto aakulu. Mumakhala ndi madzi amchere nthawi zonse, chinyezi chambiri, komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa koopsa. Ma waya achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri odzitsekera okha ndi abwino kwambiri pano. Amapereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri ku dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka.
Ma grade onse a 304 ndi 316L amapereka kukana bwino dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri. Mosiyana ndi njira zina za pulasitiki, ma tayi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sawonongeka chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Pa malo okhala m'nyanja kapena omwe amawononga kwambiri, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma tayi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a 316L kuti muthane ndi dzimbiri.
Taganizirani kusiyana kwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi amchere:
| Zinthu Zofunika | Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri Zosagonjetsedwa ndi Dzimbiri | Kukana Kupopera Mchere (Mayeso a NSS) | Njira Yolephera M'malo Ozungulira Nyanja |
|---|---|---|---|
| 316 Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri | 2-3% molybdenum (Mo), 16-18% chromium (Cr) | Maola ≥1,000 (palibe dzimbiri lofiira) | Kuchotsa dzenje pamwamba pa nthaka patatha maola 1,200+; kungakonzedwe kudzera mu passivation |
| 304 Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira | Palibe molybdenum, 18-20% chromium | Maola ≤200 (kugwa kwakukulu) | Kuzimiririka kwa makulidwe ozungulira pambuyo pa maola 500 |
| Chitsulo Chopangidwa ndi Galvanized | Chophimba cha zinki (8-15μm) | Maola 200-300 (zinc layer yatha) | Kulephera kwa dzimbiri pambuyo pa kupaka utoto wachitsulo choyambira |
| Nayiloni | Matrix ya polymer yokhala ndi zokhazikika za UV | Maola 300-500 (kuchepa kwa kutentha) | Kusweka chifukwa cha hydrolysis ndi kuwonongeka kwa UV |

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316, makamaka AISI 316, chili ndi 2-3% molybdenum (Mo). Izi zimawonjezera kwambiri kukana kwake ku chloride ion corrosion. Mayeso a neutral salt spray (NSS) amatsimikizira kuti kukana kwake kupopera mchere kumapitirira maola 1000. Izi zimachita bwino kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304, chomwe chimasonyeza kuti chimalowa m'madzi ambiri pambuyo pa maola 200. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316 chikhale chogwira ntchito kwambiri polimbana ndi kutayikira kwa madzi a m'nyanja, kukokoloka kwa mchere, ndi kuuma kwa ma decks a sitima, ma cabins, ndi malo osungiramo zinthu za m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ma 316 okhala ndi PVDF okhala ndi ma tensile 316 amakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba ya 95% pambuyo pa maola 10,000 a UV (ASTM G155).
Ma waya achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a Marine-grade 316 ndi abwino kwambiri m'malo opangidwa ndi madzi a m'nyanja. Ali ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri komanso dzimbiri. Amapirira bwino nyengo yovuta ya madzi amchere. Ndi abwino kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja, amalimbana ndi kuwala kwa UV komanso nyengo yovuta. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti amagwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Mosiyana ndi ma waya a nayiloni, omwe amatha kuwonongeka mkati mwa miyezi ingapo, ma waya achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amatha kukhala zaka 10 mpaka 30 m'malo opangidwa ndi madzi akunja. Amasunga mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha pakapita nthawi. Kapangidwe kake kamaletsa kuwonongeka kwa UV. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti amagwira ntchito bwino komanso oyenera kuyikidwa panja, kuphatikizapo kukana mankhwala amphamvu.
Muyeneranso kuganizira ziphaso zinazake za ntchito zapamadzi:
| Muyezo | Mkhalidwe wa Zachilengedwe Wathetsedwa |
|---|---|
| UL 62275 | Kukana kuwala kwa ultraviolet, Kukana dzimbiri |
| CSA C22.2 Nambala 62275 | Kukana kuwala kwa ultraviolet, Kukana dzimbiri |
| NMX-J-623-ANCE | Kukana kuwala kwa ultraviolet, Kukana dzimbiri |
| IEC 62275 | Kukana kuwala kwa ultraviolet, Kukana dzimbiri |
Zitsimikizo zina zimatsimikiza kuti zikutsatira malamulo ndi chitetezo:
| Chitsimikizo/Muyezo | Chofunikira/Cholinga |
|---|---|
| ASTM B117 | Mayeso a mchere opopera kuti aone ngati pali kukana dzimbiri |
| Miyezo ya UL yoletsa moto komanso yochepetsa utsi | Kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya woipa panthawi ya moto, makamaka wogwiritsidwa ntchito mkati |
| UL94 V-0 | Katundu wozimitsa wokha mkati mwa masekondi 10 popanda kudontha |
| DNV-GL, ABS, Kaundula wa Lloyd | Kutsatira malamulo a magulu, kumafuna mayeso oletsa dzimbiri, kulimba kwa kutentha kwambiri, komanso kukana ukalamba |
| UL94 V-0 (Tefzel®) | Kuzimitsa moto, kudzizimitsa wekha popanda kutulutsa mpweya woipa panthawi ya moto |
| Kukana kwa kuwala kwa UV ndi kuwala kwa gamma (Tefzel®) | Kulimba kwamphamvu komanso magwiridwe antchito okhazikika padzuwa kapena kuwala kwa dzuwa |
Makonzedwe a Mafakitale ndi Opanga
Malo opangira zinthu ndi mafakitale nthawi zambiri amaika zomangira ku mankhwala owononga, mafuta, ndi kutentha kwambiri. Ma chingwe achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri odzitsekera okha amakhalabe olimba pansi pa mikhalidwe iyi.
Mumapeza kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino m'mafakitale opangira mankhwala mkati mwa makampani opanga mafuta ndi gasi. Mankhwala owononga amapezeka kwambiri kumeneko. Amalimbana ndi dzimbiri lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala amenewa. Izi zimateteza zingwe ndi zida kuti zisawonongeke. Izi zimathandizira kuti malo ogwirira ntchito azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti antchito azikhala otetezeka. Mumazigwiritsa ntchito pomanga zingwe zowongolera m'ma reactor a mankhwala kapena kukonza mapaipi onyamula madzi owononga.
Zingwe zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimalimbana ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo ma acid, alkali, zosungunulira, ndi mafuta. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino m'malo ovuta a mafakitale. Zimalimbana ndi kuwonongeka ndi kuwala kwa UV, nyengo yoipa, komanso kuwonetsedwa ndi mankhwala. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera m'malo ovuta monga nsanja za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mafakitale. Kulimba kwawo kumatsimikizira kuti sizimasweka ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri kapena dzuwa litalowa kwa nthawi yayitali. Filimu ya chromium oxide yokhazikika imapereka chitetezo ku chinyezi ndi mankhwala.
Zofunikira pa Magalimoto ndi Ndege
Magalimoto ndi ndege zimafuna zomangira zomwe zimalimbana ndi kugwedezeka kwambiri, kutopa kwambiri, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha. Mukufuna zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pansi pa zinthu zosinthasintha komanso zovuta kwambiri.
Magalimoto amapanga kugwedezeka kosalekeza komanso kayendedwe ka katundu wamakina. Zomangira zokhala ndi ulusi wodzitsekera, zigamba za nayiloni, kapena zotsukira zotsekera ndizofunikira. Zimasunga katunduyo asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Pa zomangira m'magawo ofunikira a injini, makamaka komwe magawo a injini amakumana ndi kugwedezeka, zinthuzo ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yabwino. Izi zimaletsa kusweka kwa malekezero. Zomangira zamagalimoto ziyenera kuwonetsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu komanso kulimba. Zomangira zamainjini ndi zotumizira ziyenera kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso torque.
Mu ndege, mumafunika zipangizo zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima ya chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito. Zingwe zomangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zopangidwa ndiChitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316 gradeNdi abwino kwambiri pa ntchito za mumlengalenga. Amapereka mphamvu yofunikira, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa makina ofunikira.
Mavuto a Zomangamanga ndi Zomangamanga
Ntchito zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga zimafuna njira zolimba zomangira. Mukufunika zipangizo zomwe zimapirira zinthu zoopsa zakunja, katundu wolemera, komanso zoopsa za moto.
Zingwe zachitsulo zimapirira nyengo zovuta kwambiri. Zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri chifukwa cha mankhwala, mafuta, ndi madzi amchere. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba kwambiri m'malo a m'nyanja ndi m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala. Zimasunga magwiridwe antchito ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. Zimagwira ntchito kuyambira -80°C mpaka +538°C. Kuphatikiza apo, mwachilengedwe zimalimbana ndi kuwala kwa UV ndi moto. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri panja ngakhale dzuwa litatentha kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mumapindula ndi kulimba kwawo kwapadera komanso kukana zinthu zachilengedwe. Amapereka kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali. Amapereka kukana dzimbiri, dzimbiri, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kuwala kwa UV. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja. Ndi olimba kwambiri. Amapirira katundu wolemera komanso nyengo yovuta. Amasunga umphumphu komanso magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana, kuyambira kuzizira kwambiri mpaka kutentha kwambiri.
Zingwe zomangira zopangidwa ndi epoxy zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala panja kwa zaka 10 mpaka 30. Izi zimaposa kwambiri zingwe za pulasitiki. Zimagwiranso ntchito bwino kwambiri m'malo owononga monga m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena m'malo opangira mankhwala. Zimakhalapo kwa zaka zisanu, pomwe zingwe za pulasitiki nthawi zambiri zimawonongeka mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Zomangira zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zimathandizira kwambiri chitetezo cha moto m'mapulojekiti a zomangamanga za anthu onse. Amatsatira malamulo atsopano, makamaka BS 7671 ya Malamulo a Zamagetsi, omwe adayamba kugwira ntchito pa Januwale 1, 2015. Malamulowa amalamula kuti pagwiritsidwe ntchito zomangira ndi zomangira zosagwira moto pazingwe. Izi zimaletsa kugwa msanga kutentha kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi njira zina zopanda chitsulo, zomangira zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zimalimbana ndi kutentha kwa pafupifupi 500°C. Kukana kutentha kwambiri kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti mawaya amakhalabe olimba panthawi yamoto. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha mawaya otayirira ndi kusungunuka kwa trunk. Izi ndi nkhani zofunika kwambiri pachitetezo m'zingwe za anthu onse.
Zofunikira pa Ukhondo Wokonza Chakudya
Malo opangira chakudya amafuna miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri yaukhondo. Mukufunika njira zomangira zomwe zimaletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya ndi kuipitsidwa.
Zomangira siziyenera kukhala ndi mabakiteriya. Malo osalala komanso opanda mabowo ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti kuyeretsa kukhale kosavuta. Zimaletsa kugwidwa kwa zinthu zodetsa. Kapangidwe kake kayenera kuchepetsa ming'alu komwe mabakiteriya angaunjikane. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga malo osalala, malo ochepa opanda kanthu, ndi mphete zotsekera rabara. Zomangira ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosagwira dzimbiri monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kuyeretsa ndi kusamalira. Izi zimaletsa kuchulukana kwa mabakiteriya ndi zinthu zodetsa.
Taganizirani mfundo izi za zida zopangira chakudya:
| Muyezo/Chofunikira | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kulimba | Zipangizo ziyenera kupirira dzimbiri la mankhwala, kupsinjika, ndi kutentha. |
| Kugwirizana | Zipangizo ziyenera kugwirizana ndi njira zoyeretsera, momwe zinthu zilili pa SIP, komanso momwe zinthu zilili pa bioprocessing, kutsatira malangizo a ASME BPE. |
| Kufanana | Malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha SIP kapena madzi ayenera kukhala osayamwa, osalowa madzi, osapsa, osakhala ndi poizoni, osadzimbidwa komanso osakanda, osasungunuka, komanso ofanana mwachilengedwe. |
| Kuyeretsa | Zipangizo ziyenera kuyankha bwino kuyeretsa pamwamba, popanda zolakwika. Zomangira ndi ulusi ziyenera kupewa kukhudzidwa ndi njira zotsukira, ndipo zomangira zomangira ziyenera kuchepetsedwa. |
| Kutulutsa madzi m'thupi | Makina ayenera kupangidwa kuti azitha kutulutsa madzi okoka, okhala ndi phula losalekeza monga momwe zafotokozedwera ndi miyezo ya ASME BPE, kuti achotse zinthu zolemera. |
| Zofunikira Zowonjezera | Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira pa makina oyeretsera (CIP), kuphatikizapo kupezeka kwa mafuta odzola komanso kapangidwe ka kunja kotsuka pafupipafupi. |
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sichimabowola. Izi zimaletsa kuyamwa kwa mabakiteriya, chinyezi, kapena zinthu zodetsa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuyeretsa ndi kuyeretsa zikhale zosavuta. Zimaletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya. Zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi mankhwala oopsa monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zochotsa mafuta, ndi zotsukira zakudya. Mapulasitiki ambiri amawononga ndikutulutsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Zomangira zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sizimataya. Izi zimachotsa chiopsezo cha tinthu tomwe timadetsa zakudya. Ili ndi vuto lofala kwambiri ndi zomangira zapulasitiki zomwe zimawonongeka. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Giredi 316 chimawonetsedwa makamaka chifukwa cha kulimba kwake, kukana mankhwala, komanso kutsatira miyezo yachitetezo cha chakudya. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera malo opangira chakudya.
Mumapeza kuti zingwe zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zodzitsekera zokha ndizofunikira kwambiri m'malo ovuta. Kapangidwe kake kapamwamba komanso njira yake yolimba yodzitsekera yokha imapereka kulimba kosayerekezeka. Zimalimbana ndi mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri. Mumapeza zomangira zolimba komanso zokhalitsa pomwe njira zina sizikugwira ntchito. Izi zimatsimikizira chitetezo, kudalirika, komanso kupitiliza kugwira ntchito.
FAQ
Kodi n’chiyani chimapangitsa kuti zingwe zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zikhale zabwino kuposa pulasitiki m’malo ovuta?
Mumapeza kuti matailosi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amapereka kulimba kosayerekezeka. Amalimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri, kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndi mankhwala owononga. Matailosi apulasitiki amawonongeka pansi pa mikhalidwe iyi.
Kodi ndi chingwe chiti chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pochigwiritsa ntchito m'madzi?
Muyenera kusankha zingwe zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri za 316L. Mtundu uwu uli ndi molybdenum. Umapereka kukana kwambiri madzi amchere ndi chloride.
Kodi ma chingwe awa amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri?
Inde, mutha kuzidalira kutentha kwambiri kapena kuzizira kwambiri. Zimagwira ntchito bwino kuyambira -112°F mpaka 1000°F. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-27-2025






